Trenta and dr. Julius Kugy
Trenta is the highest part of Soča valley in the heart of
Julian Alps. Significant glacier valley is surrounded by Plaski
Vogel, Kanjavec, Triglav, Galičica, Prisojnik, Jalovec and
Bavški Grintavec The river Soča which rises from below
Šnita with its green-blue water and magnificent mountains
overlooking it gives to Trenta a pearl-like image among the alpine
valleys. Trenta is situated on the area of Triglav National park,
the only Slovenian and one of the oldest European national parks.
It has been 100 years since the special government commission of
Austria-Hungary monarchy was set on the initiative of Slovenian
seismologist and naturalist Albin Belar and it inspected the area
of the Triglav lakes valley to establish a protected natural park.
Unfortunately the idea was not realised at that time and the first
national park in Slovenia was established 16 years later. Up to
16th century only herdsmen and char coalers lived occasionally in
Trenta. People started to move to this place when in surrounding
mountains the iron ore was discovered and iron foundry was erected
in the valley. The first road to Trenta was built from Bovec in
1614. When the mining and iron foundry was closed, the road
disappeared. It was newly built by Austrians only in 1906; during
the World War I it was lengthened through Vršič to
Kranjska Gora. Despite all this the number of inhabitants of Tranta
has been continuously diminishing since 19th century. Inhabitants
of Trenta today work above all in tourism, enabled by the river
Soča, surrounding mountains and natural attractions as Vintgar
Gorge. Trenta has the only alpine botanic garden in Slovenia,
called Juliana, established in 1926 by Albert Bois de Chesne at the
foothills of Kukla. There he planted plants brought from
neighbouring mountains. Later other botanists completed the
collection with plants from other parts of Alps and as well as non
alpine parts. Trenta is linked to a well known Scabiosa trenta as
the flower was named by Balthasar Hacquet, a doctor, naturists and
one of first people who researched our flora. Later it was
indicated that Hacquet did not find a new species on the Trenta
site, searched by the botanists in vain on the area of Trenta, but
he found a well known Cephalaria leucantha, which prospers on Karst
hills and sunny side of rocks in sub Mediterranean area. One of
most ambitious seekers of this mysterious flower was Slovenian
lawyer, alpinist and writer Julius Kugy. He was born to Slovenian
parents on 19 July 1858 in Gorica. His father was Carinthian with
original surname Kogej. Julius was educated at grammar school in
Trieste at Vienna University where he graduated from law. After he
finished school he took over the management of a company
Pfeifer-Kugy in Trieste, which dealt with oil, coffee and tropical
fruits import, set up by his father. Kugy grew fond of mountains
and alpinism already at young age. He was also fond of music and as
an amateur botanist he searched for and researched a not known
flower Scabiosa trenta a great part of his life. His two passions
alpinism and botany took him to many non conquered peaks in Julian
Alps with the help of local mountain guides and he found new ways
for already conquered peaks. Owing to this he is known as a man who
discovered new parts of Julian parts and later he revealed its
beauties to the world in many essays and books. In the beginning of
World War I he freely joined the Austria-Hungary army, where he
helped with his alpine experience. After the battle at Kobarid he
left the army. After the war he closed his company and devoted
himself to writing and lecturing in German and Slovenian speaking
countries. In addition to essays, published in Austrian and Italian
newspapers with mountaineering topics, he wrote seven books
reflecting his experience in mountains. He died in 1944 in Trieste
where his tomb is. Alpine Association of Slovenia erected a
monument in Trenta to a great lover of Julian Alps and the
Information Centre of Triglav National Park Dom Trenta holds a
permanent exposition on Kugy’s work.
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